Category: Language Grammar

By Manfred Niemeyer

Ein historisch-etymologisches deutsches Ortsnamenbuch ist seit Langem ein Desiderat. Das vorliegende Werk bietet fur ca. 3000 Namen von Orten mit uber 7500 Einwohnern aus dem gesamten heutigen und ehemaligen deutschen Sprachgebiet in alphabetisch angeordneten Artikeln historische Belegformen, etymologische Erklarungen und Literaturangaben. Die Artikel stammen von einer internationalen Gruppe ausgewiesener Namenforscher und dokumentieren den aktuellen Forschungsstand.

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By Sandor Martsa

Drawing at the conceptual metaphor and metonymy idea defined in works via George Lakoff, Rene Dirven, Gunter Radden and Zoltan Kovecses, Conversion in English: A Cognitive Semantic procedure proposes that the method of conversion in modern English is essentially a semantic procedure underlain via a sequence of conceptual metonymic and metaphoric mappings. within the e-book, prior interpretations treating conversion as zero-derivation, derivation by way of a nil affix or as syntactically stimulated recategorization, or as user-based coinage (relisting) are wondered, for they it appears mistake the impact of conversion, the compulsory switch of observe classification, for its reason, the conceptual reanalysis of extralinguistic truth. it really is argued that almost all conversion methods end result from metonymic mappings, wherein, for example, definite ingredients of activities, together with brokers, sufferers, and tools, come to face for the activities themselves, similar to to umpire, to witness, to bicycle, or, conversely, activities come to face for his or her components like brokers (a cheat), sufferers (a change) or tools (a clip), and so forth. Metonymic mappings of homes onto activities bringing approximately those houses provide upward thrust to deadjectival verbs, similar to to black, to wash, to slim, while nouns switched over from adjectives come up from metonymic mappings of houses onto different types having those homes, together with the wealthy, the Reds, the unforeseen. particular awareness is paid to denominal verbs resembling to ape, to beaver away, to rabbit, which appear to be underlain by way of reciprocal metaphoric mappings among the domain names of people and animals. The ebook additionally demonstrates that viewing conversion because the results of conceptual mappings makes it attainable to view this technique as an instantiation of intercategorial polysemy. It additionally is helping to settle the long-standing debate about the problems with directionality and productiveness of conversion.

By Jeanine Treffers-Daller, Roland Willemyns

The present quantity brings jointly sociolinguistic analyses of language touch alongside the Romance Germanic Language Border, laying off extra mild at the variable and the common components in language touch and shift. It covers the entire diversity of the border, from French Flanders via South Tirol. all the things of it's been taken care of via striking specialists. They describe the present cutting-edge in ‘their' component to the language border and contain info at the criminal and/or sensible prestige of the language border and the prestige and serve as of all languages involved. Attitudinal and language making plans tasks in addition to the standardisation prestige of the locally legit and minority languages are mentioned. Language borrowing, code switching and different language touch phenomena are analysed intimately.

By Gary Colombo, Robert Cullen, Bonnie Lisle

Rereading the USA is still the main greatly followed ebook of its type due to its new angle to the problem of cultural variety. not like different multicultural composition readers that accept representing the plurality of yankee voices and cultures, Rereading the USA encourages scholars to grapple with the true transformations in views that come up in our advanced society. With wide editorial gear that places readings from the mainstream into dialog with readings from the margins, Rereading the US provokes scholars to discover the rules and contradictions of our dominant cultural myths. The print textual content is now built-in with e-Pages for Rereading the USA, designed to exploit what the net can do.

By McGraw-Hill

By Anna Livia, Kira Hall

This pioneering number of formerly unpublished articles on lesbian, homosexual, bisexual, and transgender language combines queer conception and feminist conception with the newest pondering on language and gender. The ebook expands the sector well past the examine of "gay slang" to contemplate homosexual dialects (such as Polari in England), early glossy discourse on homosexual practices, and past due twentieth-century descriptions of homosexuality. those essays learn the conversational styles of queer audio system in a wide selection of settings, from women's friendship teams to school rap teams and piece of email postings.

Taking a global--rather than regional--approach, the individuals herein learn the language utilization of sexually liminal groups in numerous linguistic and cultural contexts, equivalent to lesbian audio system of yank signal Language, jap homosexual male undefined, Hindi-speaking hijras (eunuchs) in North India, Hausa-speaking 'yan daudu (feminine males) in Nigeria, and French and Yiddish homosexual teams. the main obtainable and numerous choice of its style, Queerly Phrased: Language, Gender, and Sexuality units a brand new general within the examine of language's influence at the building of sexuality.

By E. Phoevos Panagiotidis

Matters little mentioned within the generative literature are the inner constitution of pronouns and what it's in Syntax that triggers pronominal reference. This monograph treats those issues intimately and investigates even if pronominal (strong, vulnerable and clitic pronouns) and comparable elliptical expressions could be given a unified syntactic illustration. the reply, derived from a wealth of cross-linguistic proof, is essentially affirmative: pronominals contain a semantically empty noun as a part of their inner constitution. The case of null matters in "pro-drop" languages can also be tested and it's argued that they're now not empty pronominal different types yet, relatively, the reflex of a "verbal determiner". eventually, utilizing the interior constitution of pronouns as a type of 'litmus paper', the e-book explores the connection among sensible and lexical heads in addition to the notions of choice and licensing in syntax, and provides new insights into the categorial prestige of sensible different types.

By Durk Gorter

The ebook includes a number of reports of the linguistic panorama - using written language on symptoms within the public sphere - in five various societies: Israel, Japan, Thailand, the Netherlands (Friesland) and Spain (Basque Country). All contributions specialize in multilingualism within the social context of the foremost towns.

By Lyle Jenkins

This publication investigates the character of human language and its significance for the examine of the brain. It asks what language is from a organic viewpoint and what the relative contribution of nature and nurture is whilst a toddler learns his or her language. eventually it asks how human language advanced and considers the similarities and variations among human language and animal conversation structures. Uniquely, it argues that genetic or organic endowment performs a extra primary position within the aquisition of language than guideline, studying, or cultural determinants.

By Peter von Polenz

This single-volume general paintings at the background of the German language has now been revised and up to date. It offers a profound evaluation utilizing the newest examine on language swap in German from its Indo-European antecedents as much as the current day. As language background, social historical past and political heritage are heavily intertwined, this textbook is designed for college kids of all language disciplines, for college kids of German as a overseas language, and likewise for historians, social scientists, academics and non-specialists.